Incwadi ye-e yifayile yedijithali enencwadi okanye isihloko sokupapasha. Ngokwesiqhelo ibizwa ngokuba yincwadi ye-ebook, igama elivela kwigama lesiNgesi kwincwadi ye-elektroniki. Ekuqaleni, izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukufunda iincwadi zekhompyuter bezididekile kunye negama le-ebook kwaye ukuba songeza kule ndawo ye-acronyms ejikeleze iifomathi ze-ebook, ukudideka kuyabonakala. Okwangoku, bambalwa abantu abazi kakuhle cZeziphi iifomati ezihambelana nohlobo, umfundi we-e-ncwadi oqwalaselwa ngabaninzi njengeyona eyona eReader.
Ayingabo bonke abafundi be-e-book abakwaziyo ukufunda iifomathi ezifanayoNgokwesiqhelo, umenzi ngamnye uhlala kubandakanya enye okanye ezimbini zeefomathi zabo kunye neefomathi ngokubanzi ezingasimahla. Ngaphakathi kweli klasi yesibini yeefomathi, i-Epub ibonakala, eyifomathi yasimahla ye-ebook, i-txt, i-pdf okanye uxwebhu lwe-doc. Ngokumalunga nohlobo lokuqala lweefomathi, iifomathi zobunini ezibandakanya abenzi abakhulu, zihlala zixhomekeke kwinkampani, kodwa zonke zivela kwifomathi ye-Epub abayiguqulileyo. Icala elisezantsi layo yonke le nto kukuba ukuba uthenga i-ebook kwivenkile ethengisa iincwadi, ngaphandle kokuba sinefomathi yasimahla, ngekhe sikwazi ukuyifunda kumfundi ovela kwenye ivenkile yeencwadi.
Ezi ntsilelo zihlala zibonakala kwimeko yeAmazon, abafundi bayo, Uhlobo, bafunda kuphela inani elithile leencwadi, apho, Iifomathi ezine zeAmazon. Ezi fomathi zezi I-Kindle Format 7, i-Kindle Format 8, ifomathi ye-mobi kunye nefomathi ye- prc. Ezi fomathi zinokuhlaziywa ezinje nge-mobi okanye iFomathi yohlobo 7 okanye zithathe umgangatho, ifomathi ye-Epub njengesiseko sokwenza ezi fomathi. Umzekelo olungileyo wokugqibela uya kuba luhlobo lwefomathi 8. Kodwa makhe siqwalasele ezi fomathi.
Uhlobo lweFomathi yesi-7 okanye ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-AZW
Le fomathi yohlobo luhlobo oluphuculweyo lwefomathi ye-mobi. Ngo-2008 iAmazon yathenga inkampani yeMobipocket kunye nayo yonke ipatent yenkampani kunye neemveliso. Oku bekungekho nto ingako kodwa banento eyayixabiswa kakhulu yiAmazon, amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza ebook, ngakumbi ifomathi ye-mobi. Inkqubo ye- Ifomathi ye-mobi izama ukulandela imigaqo ye-OpenBook, ifomathi esekwe kumgangatho wewebhu we-xml. Emva kokuthengwa, iAmazon yathatha ifomathi, ihlonipha yonke imigaqo kunye nokusebenza kwayo, kwaye yazisa eyayo i-DRM, isoftware ethintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-ebook kwiakhawunti ethile okanye isixhobo, kwintengiso ye-ebook, nantsi indlela Uhlobo lwefomathi lwazalwa lisi-7 okanye i-AZW.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ii-eReaders zeAmazon zavela kunye nesoftware kunye neefomathi abanokuzidlala, yile ndlela esinokuthi siyibone ngayo iFomathi yohlobo 8.
Uhlobo lwefomathi 8 okanye i-AZW3
Yayiyindaleko yohlobo lwefomathi yesi-7, yayingasenayo ifomathi ye-mobi kunye nolwaleko nge-drm kodwa yayiyenye into. I-Kindle Format 8 okanye i-AZW3 yincwadi elandelayo e-EPUB3, apho zibandakanya idrm kwaye ikwaqhotyoshelwe kwifayile kwifomathi ye-AZW okanye yohlobo lweFomathi 7 ukuze ihambelane nezixhobo ezifunda ifomathi yakudala. Xa ifomathi ye-mobi kunye nefomathi yohlobo lwe-7 yayidalwa, ukubekwa emgangathweni kwifomathi ye-epub kwakusasebenza kwaye kudidekile, ke iAmazon ayizange ilinge ngale fomathi de kufike i-AZW3. I-AZW3 ayisebenzisi ngokupheleleyo amandla e-HTML5 njengoko ezinye iithegi ezintsha zingabaxhasi kwaye ezinye ezingasasebenzi ziyaqhubeka nokuzisebenzisa. Ukongeza, umgangatho weCSS3 awuthotyelwanga ngokupheleleyo, ezinye izinto ezinje ngomaleko wangasemva ongaguqukiyo awuthobeli i-CSS3.
Uhlobo lweMobi fomathi
Kanye kunye nale fomathi yohlobo, i-Kindle eReaders nayo ixhasa ifomathi ye-mobi, nangona ibonisa eyona ndawo indala yeAmazon, le fomathi iyaqhubeka ikho kwaye iAmazon iyaqhubeka nokuyixhasa kwiiReaders zayo. Ewe kunjalo, yifomathi kuphela engenayo i-DRM, njengoko ichaziwe yiAmazon. Okwangoku iMobi engenasimahla ye-DRM inamanqwanqwa okhuselo okoko yadalwa yinkampani iMobipocket emele ifomathi yesibini ye-ebook abayenzileyo.
PRC
Eyokuqala kwezi fomathi iAmazon ifumana ukuthengwa kwenkampani kwaye idlulisele kubafundi bayo yifomathi ye-prc. Iprc yifomathi elula efana kakhulu nefomathi ye-mobi kodwa ngaphandle kwezikhuselo zayo, ukuze okwangoku bonke abafundi abafunda ifomathi ye-mobi bakwazi ukufunda ifomathi ye-prc. Kunqabile kakhulu ukubona ii-ebooks zikule fomathi, ubuncinci zezona zikhoyo ngoku, kodwa kuba akukho kuguqulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwekhathalogu yohlobo, kubalulekile ukugcina le fomathi indala kubafundi, ubuncinci ngokufunda iincwadi ezindala.
Ukongeza kwiifomathi zayo, Uhlobo luxhasa ezinye iifomathi ezingabanini bazo iAmazon okanye abanelayisensi yeGPL. Phakathi kwezi fomathi, i-PDF ibonakala, ifomathi yefayile engekho kwifomathi ye-ebook, kodwa luhlobo lwefayile esebenza kakuhle ekufundeni. I-Pdf yeyakwa-Adobe kunye nesigama sayo, iFomathi yoXwebhu oluPhathekayo, ibhekisa kwelona nqaku lililo, ukuphatheka. Nangona iAdobe ingoyena mphuhlisi uphambili wale fomathi, ngo-2008 yayikhupha kwaye yaba yinxalenye yoMbutho weHlabathi wokuBekwa emgangathweni, owaba yifomathi evulekileyo. Oku kwenza zombini ifomathi ye-pdf kunye nokuthwala kwayo kusebenze kakuhle kwii-eReaders zeAmazon, nangona kunjalo ubungakanani bescreen, okwangoku singaphantsi kwe-9,7 ”, kwenza ukuba kube nzima kwabanye abantu. Kuqala, oku kuye kwazanywa ukusonjululwa ngokwenziwa kohlobo olukhulu, uhlobo oludumileyo lwe-DX, kodwa le eReader yakhawuleza yalahlwa kukhangelwa ezinye iindlela ezinje ngokuguqula uxwebhu lwe-pdf lube yifomathi ye-Epub okanye ulungiselele i-pdf kubungakanani Ikhusi.
Uhlobo nalo iyakwazi ukuxhasa iifomathi ezindala, ezinje nge-txt okanye i-Html. Eyokuqala kubo, i-txt yeyona fomathi ilula ekhoyo kwihlabathi lekhompyuter. Uninzi lwethu lusebenze ngale fomathi, yifomathi eveliswa yiWindows Notepad, kodwa ngoku ukufunda uxwebhu njengencwadi kule fomathi ngumsebenzi onzima kuba le fomathi ayizamkeli iindlela zokuhlela ezisisiseko okanye ubeko lombhalo.
Okwesibini kweefomathi, html, yifomathi esetyenzisiweyo kwiWebhu kwaye inokufundwa nasiphi na isikhangeli. Okwangoku kukho iinguqulelo ezintlanu zolu lwimi. I-Kindle eReaders zinakho kuphela ukufunda iifomathi ezine zokuqala, eyokugqibela, i-html5, inokwazi ukuyazi ngokuyinxenye, kuba ukubekwa emgangathweni kwayo kutshanje. Nangona iyifomathi edityaniswe ngakumbi kune-txt, html ayisiyondlela ifanelekileyo yokufunda iincwadi zeencwadi. Ukufunda le fomathi kusivumela ukuba sijonge amaphepha ewebhu ngohlobo lwethu kwaye sihambe ngesikhangeli esisisiseko esiziswe yiAmazon kwizixhobo zazo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyi kusivumela ukuba sifunde amaxwebhu afakwe kwezinye iitekhnoloji zewebhu ezinje ngeflash okanye iinkalo ezithile zejavascript.
Abafundi be-kindle zakutshanje babandakanye ukufundwa kweefomathi ze-doc kunye ne-docxEzi fomathi ziveliswa liLizwi likaMicrosoft kwaye lolunye uhlobo lokwenyani kwiincwadi zeencwadi ezenziwe nge-txt. Ngokungafaniyo ne-txt, amaxwebhu e-doc kunye ne-docx asivumela ukuba sibe nencwadi ehleliweyo kunye nengaphambi kokufundwa. Kodwa ezi fomathi zimbini azenzelwanga ukuba zibe ziincwadi nokuba, ngenxa yoko ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuneengxaki ezimbalwa nakowuphi na umfundi. Enye yezo ntsilelo ikubungakanani befayile. Ukuba sijonga ubungakanani beencwadi ze-ebook ngeefomathi ze-AZW kunye ne-AZW3, ayiyonto inkulu kakhulu leyo, ihlala idlula i-megabytes ezimbini, nangona kunjalo, i-ebook kwifomathi ye-doc okanye ye-docx inokuhlala ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-3, kube nzima ngakumbi lawula kwaye usebenzise ngohlobo.
Ii-eReaders ze-elektroniki ze-inki, oko kukuthi, i-Kindle, inokuphinda ivelise imifanekiso, nangona ingekho kumbala, ukuba ungaluqonda umahluko kunye notshintsho lwetoni. Oku kuhlobo lwamva nje, olunobuchwephesha bokubonisa inki ye-elektroniki kunye nesisombululo esiphakamileyo, kuyancomeka kakhulu. Ukuba le nto sifuna ukuyibona yimifanekiso kwi-Kindle Fire, ukongeza koku ngasentla sinethuba lokubona imifanekiso ikumbala. Iifomati zemifanekiso zininzi kwaye zahlukile, kodwa akukho luhlobo lunokufunda zonke iifomathi. Into elungileyo malunga noku kukuba iAmazon ikhathalele ukuze abafundi bayo bakwazi ukufunda ezona fomati zaziwayo zemifanekiso. Ke, iifomati zemifanekiso eza kuthi ixhase i-jpg, png, bmp, gif.
Iifomathi ze-ebook ezinokuthi zifundwe nguMlilo oMlilo
Las Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo ingaqwalaselwa njenge iklasi yesibini yabafundi abathandekayo nangona kungekho mntu ubabiza ngolo hlobo. Uhlobo lwezixhobo zosapho loMlilo wohlobo lwecwecwe, nangona isoftware yayo ijolise kakhulu kwihlabathi lokufunda, kangangokuba ubukhulu bezikrini zezixhobo ezikhoyo, zikhethwe ukuba zinike umfundi uthuthuzeleka ngakumbi xa efunda.
Uhlobo lomlilo luthwala entliziyweni yalo uguqulelo lwe-Android olwenziwe yiAmazon uqobo, inkqubo enjalo ibizwa ngokuba yiFireOS. Ngokubanzi, kunokuthiwa ukuba yicwecwe kwaye une-Android, i-Kindle Fire inokuxhasa nayiphi na ifomathi, nangona kunjalo iAmazon kwimodeli yokuqala inakho ukufaka nayiphi na usetyenziso kwiVenkile yokuDlala ukuze sikwazi ukufunda kuphela iifomathi ezixelayo. thina iAmazon ngaphandle kokuba sithintela isoftware yeAmazon.
Ekuqaleni, xa sithenga i-Kindle Fire yethu kwaye siyivula, sinokufunda nayiphi na ifomathi ye-ebook esele siyikhankanyile apha ngasentla, kodwa sinokufunda ezinye iifomathi zemultimedia nangona zingahambelani ne-ebook, kodwa Uncedo olukhulu ukwazi xa usebenzisa ii-ebook ezisebenzayo.
Kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo, iAmazon yongeze inkonzo eVakalayo kwindalo yayo. Oku kuye kwenza izixhobo ezine-inki engeyiyo eye-elektroniki ekwaziyo ukudlala iifomathi zomsindo, ngakumbi iifomathi ze-app evakalayo, eyi-aax.
Ifomathi evakalayo yenye yeefomathi ezintsha eziziswe yiAmazon kwizixhobo zakho ezinesikrini se-LCD okanye umbala wekhusi. Ezi zixhobo zinamandla ngakumbi kunee-eReaders, oko kuthetha ukuba banokuxhasa inani elikhulu leefomathi, hayi ezo zaziwa kuphela ngee-ebook kodwa ezinye iifom ezisinika ukufikelela kwividiyo, iaudiyo kunye nokubrawuza kwewebhu ngokupheleleyo.
Phakathi kweefomathi zevidiyo, i-mkv kunye ne-mp4 zigqamile, nangona zikwafunda i-3gp kunye ne-vp8 (webm). Ngaphakathi kweefomathi zomsindo, ukongeza kwifomathi ye-aax, banokwazi ukudlala ifayile ye-mp3, ifayile ye-OGG, ifomathi yeaudiyo yasimahla enokulingana neefayile ze-mp3 kunye neeklasikhi ngolwandiso lweWAV.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, sinokutshintsha isoftware yoMlilo wohlobo, nokongeza iiapps ngeapk okanye ngokukhangela ithebhulethi. Kwimeko yesibini, iAmazon ayinaxanduva lesiqinisekiso, ke ayikhuthazwa into yokuba uyenze ukuze i-ebook ifundwe kwifomathi ye-epub, kodwa kwimeko yokuqala, inokwenziwa kwaye iyakusivumela ukuba songeze iifomathi ze-ebook ezintsha njengefomathi ye-Epub. Oku kuyakwamkelwa nguMlilo wethu ukuba sifaka iiapps ezinje ngeAldiko okanye iFbReader. Eziapps zingafumaneka kwivenkile kaGoogle, kwivenkile yeAmazon nakwiwebhusayithi yabo, ke ukufumana kulula kwaye ukufakela kulula ukuyenza. Nje ukuba usetyenziso lufumaneke, siyigcina kwithebhulethi kwaye siphawula ukhetho "lokufaka kwimithombo engaziwayo" eya kusivumela ukuba sifake nayiphi na usetyenziso esifunayo.
Ezi ziphantse zaba Iifomathi zohlobo ukuba iAmazon eReaders iyayixhasa kwaye nditsho kabuhlungu kuba khange singene kwiinkcukacha zobuchwephesha ezinokuphazamisa umfundi ophakathi ofuna kuphela ukwazi ukuba ii-ebook esele anazo kuhlobo zinokufundwa okanye hayi.
Siyathemba ukuba ngalo lonke olu lwazi sele ucacile Zeziphi iifomathi zohlobo olufundwayo Nangona unemibuzo, sishiya uluvo.